aldose reductase การใช้

• Galactitol is produced from galactose in a reaction catalyzed by aldose reductase.
• Sclerotiorin is an aldose reductase inhibitor ( IC 50 = 4.2 ?M ).
• "Emblica officinalis " tea may ameliorate diabetic neuropathy due to aldose reductase inhibition.
• Pfizer's drug, Alond, and Warner-Lambert's Zenarestat, are pills and attack neuropathy by inhibiting aldose reductase production.
• Aldose reductase is also present in the lens, retina, Schwann cells of peripheral nerves, placenta and red blood cells.
• Polyol pathway scheme depicting both the NADPH-dependent reduction step catalyzed by aldose reductase and the NAD +-induced oxidation catalyzed by sorbitol dehydrogenase
• In diabetics, the lack of insulin leads to production of an enzyme called aldose reductase, which creates a sugar that does the damage.
• Although aldose reductase can also detoxify methylgloxal, the glyoxalase system is more efficient and seems to be the most important of these pathways.
• Natural sources reported to inhibit aldose reductase include indian gooseberry, spinach, cumin seeds, fennel seeds, basil leaves, lemon, black pepper, curry leaves, cinnamon and lichen.
• "' Ranirestat "'( also known as "'AS-3201 "') is an aldose reductase inhibitor being developed for the treatment of diabetic neuropathy by Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma and PharmaKyorin.
• However, there are a few exceptions to this general rule, and enzymes such as aldose reductase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase can use both coenzymes in some species.
• In enzymology, "'aldose reductase "'( or "'aldehyde reductase "') ( ) is a cytosolic NADPH-dependent oxidoreductase that catalyzes the reduction of a variety of aldehydes and carbonyls, including monosaccharides.
• Alrestat was first synthesized in 1969 and was the first aldose reductase inhibitor ( ARI ) with oral bioavailability to undergo clinical trials, in the late 1970s and early 1980s.
• In a hyperglycemic state, the affinity of aldose reductase for glucose rises, causing much sorbitol to accumulate, and using much more NADPH, leaving less NADPH for other processes of cellular metabolism.
• Together with aldose reductase, it provides a way for the body to produce fructose from glucose without using NAD + as a cofactor; its reaction is sorbitol + NAD +-- > fructose + NADH + H +.
• Merck ended up entering into an agreement with Zeneca under which Zeneca received the right to co-market lisinopril, and Merck received the exclusive rights to an earlier stage aldose reductase inhibitor drug candidate, a potential treatment for diabetes.